Hemorrhoids: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Hemorrhoids are a common medical concern, affecting millions of adults every year. Despite their prevalence, many people feel hesitant to discuss the discomfort they cause. At Tri-Cities Digestive Health Center in Kennewick, WA, Dr. Somprak Boonpongmanee, MD, Dr. Siew Min Wong, MD, and Kimberly Larson, ARNP, believe that understanding this condition is the first step toward relief. If you are experiencing persistent discomfort, consulting a GI doctor can help you determine the cause and the best path for treatment.

What are Hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located in the lower rectum and anus, similar to varicose veins in the legs. They are generally categorized into two types:

• Internal Hemorrhoids: These develop inside the rectum. They are typically painless but can cause bleeding during bowel movements.
• External Hemorrhoids: These form under the skin around the anus. They are more likely to cause pain, itching, or swelling.

Common Causes and Risk Factors

Hemorrhoids occur when there is increased pressure in the lower rectum. This pressure can result from several factors, including:

• Straining during bowel movements.
• Chronic constipation or diarrhea.
• Sitting for long periods, especially on the toilet.
• Pregnancy, which increases pressure on pelvic veins.
• A low-fiber diet that leads to harder stools.

Recognizing the Symptoms

While many cases are mild, symptoms can escalate and interfere with daily life. Common signs include:

• Painless bleeding during bowel movements (bright red blood on tissue or in the bowl).
• Itching or irritation in the anal region.
• Pain, discomfort, or a dull ache.
• Swelling or a hard lump near the anus.

Effective Treatment Options

The good news is that most hemorrhoids can be managed with lifestyle changes or minimally invasive procedures. Our team at Tri-Cities Digestive Health Center in Kennewick, WA, provides different solutions according to the severity of each patient’s condition:

1. Lifestyle Modifications: Increasing dietary fiber, staying hydrated, and using stool softeners can reduce straining and allow tissues to heal.
2. Topical Treatments: Over-the-counter creams or ointments containing hydrocortisone can temporarily relieve itching and pain.
3. Minimally Invasive Procedures: For persistent or painful hemorrhoids, your gastroenterologist may recommend rubber band ligation. This involves placing a small band around the base of an internal hemorrhoid to cut off its blood supply, causing it to wither and fall off.
4. Surgical Intervention: In severe cases where other treatments fail, a hemorrhoidectomy may be necessary to remove the swollen tissue.

When to See a GI Doctor

While hemorrhoids are a frequent cause of rectal bleeding, it is vital to check for other conditions, such as colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease. If you notice a change in bowel habits or experience heavy bleeding, a professional evaluation is essential. To schedule an appointment at our Kennewick practice, serving the communities of Richland, Pasco, Yakima, and Walla Walla, WA, call (509) 460-5500.